Internal configuration – nuclei | Brain-inter-atlas

Embryologic origin: ventral pallium and subpallium

Classification of the nuclei of the telencephalon according to their embryologic origin

Caudate nucleus

Horseshoe-shaped, around the lateral ventricle and the thalamus
Three parts:
- Head
  - Front: forms part of the floor of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
  - Laterally: in continuity with the front end of the putamen, via the nucleus accumben
  - Above the anterior perforated substance
- Body
  - Medially: forms part of the superolateral wall of the lateral ventricle
  - Laterally,from top to bottom: corpus callosum then internal capsule
- Tail
  - Curves around the pulvinar before diving forward, along the roof of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
  - Front: near the amygdaloid body

Coronal section through the head of the caudate nucleus
Coronal section through the interthalamic adhesion
Axial section through the lateral ventricles
Axial section through the geniculate bodies
Lateral view of the brain
Lateral view of the nuclei of the telencephalon
Superior view of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricles

Putamen

Front end in continuity with the head of the caudate nucleus via the nucleus accumbens
Separated from the lateral globus pallidus by the lateral medullary lamina

Coronal section through the head of the caudate nucleus
Coronal section through the interventricular foramina
Axial section through the geniculate bodies
Lateral view of the brain
Lateral view of the nuclei of the telencephalon

Globus pallidus

Divided into two parts by the medial medullary lamina:
- Lateral globus pallidus
- Medial globus pallidus
Separated from the putamen by the lateral medullary lamina

Coronal section through the interventricular foramina
Axial section through the geniculate bodies

Innominate substance

Under the globus pallidus and the anterior commissure

Septal nuclei

In continuity with the septum pellucidum

Claustrum

Layer of grey matter (1 or 2 mm thick)
Parallel to the inner side of the insula

Coronal section through the interventricular foramina
Axial section through the geniculate bodies

Amygdaloid body

Group of nuclei
Surrounded by the white matter of the uncus of the parahippocampal gyrus
Contributes to forming the medial front wall of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
Posterior pole: extends into the stria terminalis, which runs along the inferomedial surface of the caudate nucleus to then connect to the hypothalamus
Linked to the contralateral amygdaloid body by the anterior commissure

Inferior view of the forebrain
Coronal section through the anterior commissure
Superior view of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
Lateral view of the brain