Pilot study

This section presents a pilot study performed to provide empirical validation to Ngo's metrics. We addressed 12 metrics - balance, sequence, equilibrium, unity, symmetry, proportion, economy, density, homogeneity, regularity, rhythm and order - for which a mathematical formula was provided and gave a quantitative value to each existing arrangement property. These formulas were based on UI objects attributes such as measures of area, size, angle, color and form.