Aims

Quantitative interpretation of chemical phenomena on the basis of physico-chemical laws. Initiation to the use of databases.

Main themes

Thermodynamics : first principle - thermochemistry. Chemical equilibrium : general theory, equilibria in solution : acidobasicity and neutralization curves, precipitation, solubility and pH dependence, complexation and influence on the solubility - Electrochemistry : electrolysis, conductivity ; batteries, redox potentials - Phase equilibria : systems with one and two constituents (liquid-vapor, solid-liquid, liquid-liquid); cryoscopy, ebullioscopy - Thermodynamics : second principle.

Content and teaching methods

Content : Thermodynamics : First principle, forms of energy, state functions, internal energy, enthalpy.
Thermochemistry : determination of reaction enthalpies, Hess's law, formation enthalpies (also for ions), combustion enthalpy, solution enthalpy. Bond energy and atomization enthalpy; resonance energy.
Chemical equilibrium : reaction prediction and shift of equilibrium (Principles of Berthelot, Mattignon, Le Chatelier); law of mass action; formulations of the equilibrium constant. Ionic equilibria : acid-base equilibria, pH calculations for systems with one or several solutes : buffer mixtures; neutralizations curves; acid-base indicators.
Solubility and precipitation. Complexation equilibria and influence of complex formation on solubility.
Electrochemistry : electrolytic conductors. Electrolysis : reactions at electrodes and Faraday's law of electrolysis. Electrolytic conductivity and applications of conductimetry. Batteries : Daniell's cell, electromotive force and free energy. Types of electrodes. Electrode potentials and Nernst's equation.
Phase equilibria : systems with one or two components (liquid-liquid, liquid-vapor, solid-liquid)
Thermodynamics : second principle.

Methods : lectures - problem solving in small groups - practical exercices in the laboratory.

Other credits in programs