Aims

To describe the relations between marine organisms and the different sites occupied in the seas and oceans depending on latitude and depth. The objective of this course is to show and made understood the biological mecanisms of adaptation of marine animals, thanks to which they colonised the most diverse and the most hostile habitats.

Main themes

The first part describes the topography, the physical properties and chemistry of seas and oceans as well as the factors that control the circulation of these water flows. The second part is for the different types of distribution of marine organisms and of factors regulating surface and depth migrations. The third part studies how marine animals managed to adapt to diverse types of habitats. Emphasis is put on phenomenons of flottability, bioluminescence and communication mecanisms between individuals and the exterior environment. The fourth part shows the impact of the human being on marine life : its negative deeds (exploitation of the environment and of marine organisms, pollution) and his contribution to repopulation and healthy managing of the marine biological potential (aquaculture).

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