Aims

The "synecology" course completes on the masters level the teaching of ecology by bringing the most complex level of interspecific interactions. It includes two parts : the first (15-15) will be for the strategies of ground occupation by plants. The second (15-15) will carry on the problems of synecology on the community level and animal societes.

Main themes

First part : Adaptative ecology and competition of vegetal communities : ecophysiological data acquired from observing plants.
a) Adaptation : concepts. b) Adaptations to edaphic sites : to ground movement, to lack or excess of N, Ca, Na. c) Adaptations to saturated of water-deficient grounds. d) Adaptations on light, seasonal and thermal cycle adaptations. e) Consequences of adaptations on structure and functionning of populations and biocenoses. f) Interactions between plants : competition, coexistance and other interactions.
Second part : Synecology of animal communities.
a) Interspecific competition : notions of ecological niche, Gauss model and its implications, consequences of interspecific competition. b) Prey-predator and host-parasite relations : a few models and their implications and consequences on the ecosystems. Ethological and demographic aspects. c) Highlighting the direct and indirect interspecific relations. d) Interspecific relations and coevolution. e) The populations constituted of structured society. Installing societies and conditions of appearance of a society. The relations between societies of different species, ethological and demographical aspects.

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