{"id":37723,"date":"2016-05-13T09:08:31","date_gmt":"2016-05-13T07:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php\/stay-behind\/"},"modified":"2022-05-19T16:44:58","modified_gmt":"2022-05-19T14:44:58","slug":"stay-behind","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/?page_id=37723","title":{"rendered":"Stay behind"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"37723\" class=\"elementor elementor-37723\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f7b59ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f7b59ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54bc51dd\" data-id=\"54bc51dd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8decb5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8decb5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><table style=\"width: 1100px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: left;\"><a href=\"index.php\/expo-virtuelle\/classified\/cold-war\/sdra-viii\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Previous page<\/a><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"index.php\/expo-virtuelle\/classified\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Back to exhibition&rsquo;s homepage<\/a><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php\/gladio\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Next page<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table style=\"width: 1100px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 150px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/logosdra.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"  alignright wp-image-37683\" style=\"float: right; vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/logosdra.jpg\" alt=\"logosdra\" width=\"137\" height=\"159\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/logosdra.jpg 1071w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/logosdra-257x300.jpg 257w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/logosdra-879x1024.jpg 879w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/logosdra-768x895.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 137px) 100vw, 137px\" \/><\/a><\/td><td style=\"width: 750px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; vertical-align: middle;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #31859c; font-size: 18.6667px; text-align: justify;\">SDRA VIII &#8211; STAY BEHIND<\/span><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table style=\"width: 1100px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: left;\"><strong>Contents:<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"#intro\">1. Introduction<\/a><br \/><a href=\"#missions\">2. Missions<\/a><br \/><a href=\"#recruiting\">3. Recruiting<\/a><br \/><a href=\"#training\">4. Training<\/a><br \/><a href=\"#action\">5. The action section<\/a><\/td><td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table style=\"width: 1100px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"intro\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong><strong style=\"color: #31859c; text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-36853\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/drapeau-holande.jpg\" alt=\"drapeau holande\" width=\"13\" height=\"10\" \/>\u00a0<\/strong>Inleiding<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"intro\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong><strong style=\"color: #31859c; text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-36873\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Drapeau_anglais.jpg\" alt=\"Drapeau anglais\" width=\"18\" height=\"13\" \/>\u00a0<\/strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"intro\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong><strong style=\"color: #31859c; text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-36883\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Drapeau_france.jpg\" alt=\"Drapeau france\" width=\"15\" height=\"10\" \/>\u00a0<\/strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Na de Tweede Wereldoorlog wordt de \u201cService de Documentation de Renseignement et d\u2019Action VIII\u201d (SDRA VIII) opgericht.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">After the Second World War, the \u201cService de Documentation de Renseignement et d\u2019Action VIII\u201d (SDRA VIII) was established.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le Service de Documentation de Renseignement et d\u2019Action VIII (SDRA VIII) est fond\u00e9.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Dit stay-behind netwerk moet ervoor zorgen dat, in geval van een gewapend conflict en bezetting van het Belgisch grondgebied, de Belgische regering kan uitwijken naar een veilig toevluchtsoord en in contact kan blijven met de achterblijvers.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">In the event of an armed conflict and the occupation of Belgian territory, this stay-behind network had to enable the Belgian government to evacuate to a safe haven and to maintain contact with those who stayed behind.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">En cas de conflit arm\u00e9 et d\u2019occupation du territoire belge, ce r\u00e9seau \u00ab stay-behind \u00bb doit faire en sorte que le gouvernement belge puisse s\u2019exiler en lieu s\u00fbr et maintenir le contact avec ceux rest\u00e9s au pays.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Aan het einde van de Tweede Wereldoorlog hebben de inlichtingennetwerken met heel wat problemen te kampen: verraders, weinig of niet-getrainde agenten en vele slachtoffers.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">At the end of the Second World War, the intelligence networks faced numerous problems: traitors, little or not trained agents, and many victims.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les r\u00e9seaux de renseignement sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 maints probl\u00e8mes : tra\u00eetres, agents peu ou pas form\u00e9s et nombre de victimes.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Na 1945 wordt de dreiging van een nieuw conflict steeds re\u00ebler en de eerste tekenen van de Koude Oorlog worden zichtbaar met de Praagse Coup (februari 1948) en de Blokkade van Berlijn (maart 1948-mei 1949).<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">After 1945, a new conflict threatened to materialise and the early stages of the Cold War became apparent, as illustrated by the Czech Coup (February 1948) and the Berlin Blockade (March 1948-May 1949).<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Apr\u00e8s 1945, la menace d\u2019un nouveau conflit se mat\u00e9rialise de plus en plus, et les pr\u00e9mices de la guerre froide apparaissent, comme en t\u00e9moignent le Coup de Prague (f\u00e9vrier 1948) et le Blocus de Berlin (mars 1948-mai 1949).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">In januari 1949 ontvangt eerste minister Spaak een brief van het hoofd van de Britse Secret Intelligence Service, Stewart Menzies, met de vraag om samen te werken aan de oprichting van een verzets- en spionagenetwerk. Spaak stelt als voorwaarde dat de Verenigde Staten van Amerika in het project worden betrokken: \u201cHet zou zeer wenselijk zijn dat de drie diensten nauw samenwerken\u2026 Ik meen dat het dus onontbeerlijk is dat op het hoogste niveau onderhandelingen worden gevoerd tussen Londen en Washington om dat vraagstuk te regelen\u201d.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">In January 1949, Prime Minister Paul-Henri Spaak received a letter from the head of the British Secret Intelligence Service, Stewart Menzies, who asked him to collaborate in the creation of a resistance and spy network. Spaak set the condition that the USA should take part in the project: \u201cIt would be very desirable that the three services work closely together\u2026 I therefore deem vital that negotiations are conducted at the highest level between London and Washington in order to address the issue.\u201d<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">En janvier 1949, le Premier ministre Paul-Henri Spaak re\u00e7oit une lettre du chef des services secrets britanniques, Stewart Menzies, qui lui demande de collaborer \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un r\u00e9seau de r\u00e9sistance et d\u2019espionnage. Spaak pose comme condition la participation des \u00c9tats-Unis. \u00ab Il serait plus que souhaitable que les trois services travaillent en \u00e9troite collaboration\u2026 J\u2019estime qu\u2019il est d\u00e8s lors indispensable que des n\u00e9gociations soient men\u00e9es au plus haut niveau entre Londres et Washington afin de r\u00e9gler la question. \u00bb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">De eerste stappen naar de oprichting van een Belgisch stay-behind netwerk zijn daarmee gezet en de oorspronkelijke opdrachten worden vastgelegd.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The first steps to the establishment of a Belgian stay-behind network were made and the initial missions were determined.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Les premiers jalons de la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un r\u00e9seau stay-behind belge sont donc pos\u00e9s et les premi\u00e8res missions sont d\u00e9finies.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><a class=\"jcepopup\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/cartesdra.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-37693\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/cartesdra.jpg\" alt=\"cartesdra\" width=\"627\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/cartesdra.jpg 1070w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/cartesdra-300x257.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/cartesdra-1024x876.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/cartesdra-768x657.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" \/><\/a><\/p><table style=\"width: 1100px; padding-right: 30px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"missions\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Opdrachten<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"missions\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Missions<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"missions\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>T\u00e2ches<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">De oorspronkelijke opdrachten zijn:<br \/>&#8211; inlichtingen verzamelen (operational clandestine intelligence): sommige agenten hebben in vredestijd de opdracht om bepaalde inlichtingen voor te bereiden. Dit gaat veelal om informatie betreffende de economische situatie.<br \/>&#8211; escape and evasion: andere agenten zijn verantwoordelijk voor het evacueren van neergehaalde piloten en eigen agenten die verraden zijn.<br \/>&#8211; \u201caction\u201d: sabotage van militaire objectieven, het organiseren van het verzet.<br \/>&#8211; contra-information.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The original missions of SDRA VIII consisted in:<br \/>&#8211; intelligence collection (operational clandestine intelligence) : in peacetime, some agents had to prepare intelligence. It mainly concerned information pertaining to the economic situation.<br \/>&#8211; escape-and-evasion tasks: some agents were responsible for the exfiltration of shot-down pilots and betrayed agents.<br \/>&#8211; actions: sabotage of military objectives, organization of the resistance, etc.<br \/>&#8211; counter-information.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Initialement, les t\u00e2ches du SDRA VIII consistaient en :<br \/>&#8211; la collecte de renseignements (renseignement clandestin op\u00e9rationnel) : en temps de paix, certains agents devaient documenter des renseignements d\u00e9termin\u00e9s. Il s\u2019agissait principalement d\u2019informations concernant la situation \u00e9conomique.<br \/>&#8211; des missions dites \u00ab escape and evasion \u00bb : des agents \u00e9taient charg\u00e9s de l\u2019exfiltration de pilotes descendus et d\u2019agents d\u00e9masqu\u00e9s.<br \/>&#8211; des actions pr\u00e9cises : sabotage d\u2019objectifs militaires, organisation de la r\u00e9sistance, etc.<br \/>&#8211; la contre-information.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Vanaf 1959 worden de missies aangepast. De missies betreffende \u201caction\u201d worden niet langer uitgevoerd en de nadruk wordt gelegd op het inwinnen van inlichtingen.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">As from 1959, the missions of SDRA VIII were modified. Action missions were abandoned in order to focus on intelligence collection.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">D\u00e8s 1959, les t\u00e2ches du SDRA VIII sont modifi\u00e9es. Le service ne r\u00e9alise plus de missions de type \u00ab action \u00bb et se concentre sur la collecte de renseignements.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"recruiting\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Rekrutering<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"recruiting\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Recruiting<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"recruiting\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Recrutement<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">De personen die in aanmerking komen als agent moeten van onberispelijk gedrag zijn. De voorkeur gaat uit naar personen van ongeveer 40 jaar met een vaste betrekking. De rekruteringsofficieren trachten ook discrete kandidaten op te sporen met een groot nationaal gevoel en ze mogen niet aangesloten zijn bij een politieke organisatie.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The future agents must demonstrate irreproachable behaviour. They are preferably people aged about 40 who have stable employment. The recruiting officers also try to pinpoint candidates with a strong national sentiment who are not affiliated with a political organisation.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Les candidats \u00e0 la fonction d\u2019agent doivent faire preuve d\u2019un comportement irr\u00e9prochable. Il s\u2019agit de pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence de personnes d\u2019environ 40 ans avec un emploi stable. Les officiers de recrutement essayent \u00e9galement de rep\u00e9rer des candidats discrets, dot\u00e9s d\u2019un profond sentiment national, et qui ne sont pas membres d\u2019une organisation politique.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">De rekrutering van een agent gebeurt op vrijwillige basis. Er wordt geen overeenkomst ondertekend en er wordt geen financi\u00eble vergoeding toegekend. De basis is vertrouwen. De agenten hebben enkel contact met hun instructeur en opereren in quasi totale anonimiteit.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The recruitment of an agent occurs on a voluntary basis. No contract is signed and no financial compensation is granted. The relations are based on trust. The agents have contacts only with their instructor. They operate in almost total anonymity.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Le recrutement d\u2019un agent se fait sur base volontaire. Aucun contrat n\u2019est sign\u00e9 et aucune compensation p\u00e9cuniaire n\u2019est attribu\u00e9e. Tout est bas\u00e9 sur la confiance. Les agents n\u2019entretiennent des contacts qu\u2019avec leur instructeur. Ils op\u00e8rent dans un anonymat quasi total.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">De agenten kunnen op elk ogenblik beslissen uit het netwerk te treden.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The agents can decide to leave the network anytime.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">\u00c0 tout moment, les agents peuvent d\u00e9cider de quitter le r\u00e9seau.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"training\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Opleiding<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"training\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Training<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"training\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>Formation<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">De agenten krijgen een opleiding gericht op hun taak bij een eventuele bezetting van het land.<br \/>Dit kan het inwinnen en doorgeven van inlichtingen zijn aan de Belgische regering in ballingschap of het opvangen en evacueren van personen (\u2018escape and evasion\u2019). Daarnaast krijgen zij ook een algemene opleiding in inlichtingenwerk (de veiligheidsprincipes en \u2013procedures), en het opsporen en afschudden van achtervolgers. De opleiding gebeurt individueel, de kandidaten hebben geen contact met elkaar.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The agents\u2019 training focuses on their tasks in the event of the occupation of the country. Their missions can be related to the collection and transmission of intelligence to the Belgian government-in-exile, or to the exfiltration of persons (escape and evasion). Moreover, they receive general training in tradecraft (security principles and procedures), and methods to identify and shake off tails. The training is individual; the candidates have no contacts with each other.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">La formation des agents met l\u2019accent sur leurs t\u00e2ches en cas d\u2019occupation du territoire. Il peut s\u2019agir de la collecte et de la transmission de renseignements au gouvernement belge en exil ou de la prise en charge et de l\u2019exfiltration de personnes (escape and evasion). Par ailleurs, ils re\u00e7oivent une formation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale ax\u00e9e sur les techniques de renseignement (principes et proc\u00e9dures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9), ainsi que sur la mani\u00e8re de rep\u00e9rer et de semer des poursuivants. La formation se d\u00e9roule de mani\u00e8re individuelle ; les candidats n\u2019ont aucun contact entre eux.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"action\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>De sectie actie<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"action\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>The action section<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><h2 id=\"action\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: #686565;\"><strong>La section action<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Bij elk netwerk dat in het geheim moet opereren, is een dekmantel (of couverture) uitermate belangrijk. Een dekmantel zorgt ervoor dat de ware aard van iemand of iets verborgen blijft voor buitenstaanders.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Each network that operates confidentially absolutely needs a cover. A cover allows to hide the true identity of an individual or the true nature of an object from outsiders.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Chaque r\u00e9seau qui op\u00e8re dans la confidentialit\u00e9 se doit \u00e0 tout prix de travailler sous couverture. Cette couverture permet de cacher aux non-initi\u00e9s la v\u00e9ritable identit\u00e9 d\u2019une personne ou la v\u00e9ritable nature d\u2019une chose.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Het personeel van SDRA VIII gebruikt de benaming \u2018sectie Actie\u2019 als dekmantel voor hun netwerk.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">The SDRA VIII personnel uses the cover \u201c Action section\u201d to talk about their network.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Ainsi, le personnel du SDRA VIII utilise l\u2019appellation \u00ab section Action \u00bb pour parler de leur r\u00e9seau.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Onder de dekmantel van een sectie die belast is met speciale opdrachten in geval van conflict, kunnen ze hun oefeningen en trainingen uitvoeren zonder argwaan te wekken. De trainingen en oefeningen bestaan o.a. uit gevechtszwemmen, nachtelijke parachutesprongen en het droppen van personeel en materieel achter vijandelijke linies. Tijdens de oefeningen werken ze nauw samen met eenheden van het Belgische Leger, zoals het regiment Para-Commando, en kunnen ze gebruik maken van de logistieke steun en knowhow van Belgische eenheden zonder te worden ontmaskerd. Zelfs het personeel van SGR kent de ware aard niet van deze sectie.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Under the cover of a section that is responsible for special missions in case of conflict, they can carry out their exercises and training without arousing suspicion. The training consists of combat swim, night parachute jumps, and air drops of personnel and material behind enemy lines. During the exercises, they closely work with other units of the Belgian Army, for instance with the Para-Commando Regiment, and can use the logistical assistance and know-how of Belgian units without getting exposed. Even the SGR personnel ignore the true nature of this section.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Sous la couverture d\u2019une section charg\u00e9e d\u2019op\u00e9rations sp\u00e9ciales en cas de conflit, ils peuvent effectuer leurs exercices et entra\u00eenements sans \u00e9veiller de suspicions. Les entra\u00eenements consistent notamment en de la natation de combat, des parachutages nocturnes et le largage de personnel et de mat\u00e9riel derri\u00e8re les lignes ennemies. Lors des exercices, ils travaillent en \u00e9troite collaboration avec d\u2019autres unit\u00e9s de l\u2019Arm\u00e9e belge, par exemple avec le R\u00e9giment Para-Commando, et peuvent utiliser le soutien et le savoir-faire logistiques d\u2019unit\u00e9s belges sans se faire d\u00e9masquer. M\u00eame le personnel du SGR ne conna\u00eet pas la vraie nature de cette section.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Ook op internationaal gebied gebeuren de trainingen onder de dekmantel van een internationale oefening.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">At international level, the training also takes place under the cover of an international exercise.<\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent;\">Sur le plan international, les entra\u00eenements se d\u00e9roulent \u00e9galement sous la couverture d\u2019un exercice international.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table style=\"width: 1100px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-37703 size-full\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"plongeurs\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1841\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-1024x736.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-768x552.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-1536x1105.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-2048x1473.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/plongeurs-1568x1128.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-37713 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"parachute2\" width=\"1995\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-scaled.jpg 1995w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-234x300.jpg 234w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-798x1024.jpg 798w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-768x986.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-1197x1536.jpg 1197w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-1596x2048.jpg 1596w, https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/parachute2-1568x2012.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1995px) 100vw, 1995px\" \/><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table style=\"width: 1100px; border: 5px solid transparent;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: left;\"><a href=\"index.php\/expo-virtuelle\/classified\/cold-war\/sdra-viii\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Previous page<\/a><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"index.php\/expo-virtuelle\/classified\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Back to exhibition&rsquo;s homepage<\/a><\/td><td style=\"width: 300px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px; border: 5px solid transparent; text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php\/gladio\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Next page<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Previous page Back to exhibition&rsquo;s homepage Next page SDRA VIII &#8211; STAY BEHIND Contents:1. Introduction2. Missions3. Recruiting4. Training5. The &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"parent":37943,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37723","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37723","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37723"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37723\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63083,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37723\/revisions\/63083"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37943"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}