{"id":37133,"date":"2016-05-10T11:42:16","date_gmt":"2016-05-10T09:42:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php\/19th-century\/"},"modified":"2022-05-19T16:32:29","modified_gmt":"2022-05-19T14:32:29","slug":"19th-century","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/?page_id=37133","title":{"rendered":"19th century"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Previous page<\/a><\/td>Back to exhibition’s homepage<\/a><\/td>Next page<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
\"drapeau\u00a0<\/strong>ANTECEDENTEN VAN DE MILITAIRE INLICHTING – 19de EEUW<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/td>\"Drapeau\u00a0<\/strong>HISTORY OF MILITARY INTELLIGENCE – 19th CENTURY\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/td>\"Drapeau\u00a0<\/strong>ANTECEDENTS DU RENSEIGNEMENT MILITAIRE – 19e SIECLE\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>
Na de Belgische onafhankelijkheid in 1830 is de oprichting van\u00a0het Belgisch leger \u00e9\u00e9n van de eerste daden van het voorlopig\u00a0bewind. Het leger beschikt niet over een organieke dienst voor\u00a0het inwinnen van informatie en verzamelen van inlichtingen.\u00a0In 1831 wordt de \u2018Police militaire du D\u00e9partement de la Guerre\u2019\u00a0in het leven geroepen, die op losse basis is samengesteld uit\u00a0informanten, die onder leiding van officieren, belast zijn met\u00a0het opsporen en volgen van orangistische en republikeinse elementen binnen het leger.<\/td>After the Belgian independence in 1830, one of the first actions of the provisional government was to raise an army.
The army did not possess any department in charge of the collection of\u00a0information and gathering of intelligence.\u00a0In 1831, the \u201cPolice militaire\u00a0du D\u00e9partement de la Guerre\u201d was established. The new body worked\u00a0on a non-regular basis with informants who were supervised by officers\u00a0and was responsible for detecting and monitoring Orangemen and Republican elements within the army.<\/td>		Apr\u00e8s l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la Belgique en 1830, l\u2019une des\u00a0premi\u00e8res actions du gouvernement provisoire est la mise en\u00a0place d\u2019une arm\u00e9e.
L\u2019arm\u00e9e ne poss\u00e8de alors pas de service organique qui collecte\u00a0les informations et traite les renseignements. En 1831, la Police\u00a0militaire du D\u00e9partement de la Guerre est cr\u00e9\u00e9e et travaille \u00e0\u00a0b\u00e2tons rompus avec des informateurs, qui sont encadr\u00e9s par\u00a0des officiers et charg\u00e9s de trouver et de suivre des \u00e9l\u00e9ments orangistes et r\u00e9publicains au sein de l\u2019arm\u00e9e.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
\u00a0\"croquisrecon\"<\/a>\"pamphletrepublicain\"<\/a><\/td><\/tr>

1831<\/em>
Verkenningsplan<\/em>
Reconnaissance sketch<\/em>
Croquis de reconnaissance<\/em><\/p><\/td>

\u00a0<\/td>

1848<\/em>
Republikeins pamflet, in beslag genomen door\u00a0<\/em>het leger<\/em>
Republican pamphlet seized by the army<\/em>
Pamphlet r\u00e9publicain saisi par l\u2019arm\u00e9e<\/em><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
In 1881 worden, binnen het Ministerie van Oorlog, twee bureaus\u00a0opgericht, belast met het verzamelen van inlichtingen:<\/td>In 1881 two services were created within the Department of War:<\/td>Vers 1881, faute d\u2019Etat-major g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les t\u00e2ches relatives \u00e0 la\u00a0collecte de renseignements sont centralis\u00e9es au sein du minist\u00e8re\u00a0de la Guerre et forment les services suivants:<\/td><\/tr>
  • 1ste Directie \u201cOperaties-Instructies\u201d\u00a0\u2013\u00a02de Onderdirectie\u00a0\u201cInstructies\u201d \u2013 6de Bureau \u201cInlichtingen over buitenlandse\u00a0legers\u201d (le Reseignement sur les Arm\u00e9es \u00e9trang\u00e8res);<\/li>
  • 1ste Directie \u2018\u201dOperaties-Instucties\u201d \u2013 2de\u00a0Onderdirectie\u201dInstructies\u201d \u2013 5de Bureau \u201cStudies van\u00a0militaire geschiedenis en aardrijkskunde\u201d (Travaux\u00a0d\u2019histoire et de g\u00e9ographie militaires).<\/li><\/ul><\/td>
  • 1st Direction \u201cOperations-Instructions\u201d \u2013 2nd Sub-direction\u00a0\u201cInstructions\u201d \u2013 6th Office \u201cIntelligence on foreign armies\u201d;<\/li>
  • 1st Direction \u201cOperations-Instructions\u201d\u00a0\u2013 2nd Sub-direction \u201cInstructions\u201d – 5th\u00a0Office \u201cStudies of military history and\u00a0geography\u201d (Travaux d\u2019histoire et de g\u00e9ographie militaires)<\/span>.<\/li><\/ul><\/td>
  • 1\u00e8re Direction \u201cOp\u00e9rations-Instructions\u201d \u2013 2e\u00a0Sous-Direction \u201cInstructions\u201d \u2013 6e Bureau\u00a0\u201cRenseignement sur les arm\u00e9es \u00e9trang\u00e8res\u201d;<\/li>
  • 1\u00e8re Direction \u201cOp\u00e9rations-Instructions\u201d \u2013 2e Sous-Direction \u201cInstructions\u201d \u2013 5e Bureau \u201cTravaux\u00a0d\u2019histoire et de g\u00e9ographie militaires\u201d.<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr>
In 1886 wil men bij Ministeri\u00ebel Besluit het \u201cCorps d\u2019Etat-Major\u201d, waarvan het hoofd rechtstreeks afhangt van het Ministerie\u00a0van Oorlog, een afdeling \u201cinlichting\u201d oprichten (3de sectie). Dit\u00a0besluit wordt echter niet goedgekeurd door Koning Leopold II.<\/td>In 1886, the army wanted to create,\u00a0by Ministerial Decree, an \u201cIntelligence Department (3rd Section) within the\u00a0General Staff, whose head was under the\u00a0direct authority of the Department of War.\u00a0However, King Leopold II did not agree.<\/td>En 1886, on souhaite cr\u00e9er par Arr\u00eat\u00e9 Minist\u00e9riel un d\u00e9partement \u201cRenseignement\u201d (3e section)\u00a0au sein de l\u2019Etat-major g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, dont le chef d\u00e9pend directement du minist\u00e8re de la Guerre.\u00a0Mais le Roi L\u00e9opold II refuse de donner son aval.<\/td><\/tr>
Bij Koninklijk Besluit van 26 juni 1910 wordt een Generale\u00a0Staf van het Leger opgericht. Het nieuwe orgaan omvat vier\u00a0bureau\u2019s, waarvan het 2de bureau belast is met Inlichtingen.<\/td>The Royal Decree of 26th June 1910\u00a0established the General Staff of the Army. The newly created body consisted of four\u00a0offices, including the 2nd Office, which\u00a0was responsible for Intelligence.<\/td>L\u2019Arr\u00eat\u00e9 Royal du 26 juin 1910 donne naissance\u00a0\u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat-major de l\u2019arm\u00e9e. Ce nouvel organe comprend quatre bureaux, dont le 2e Bureau est charg\u00e9 de la partie Renseignement.<\/td><\/tr>
Begin 1911 wordt door het 2de Bureau \u2018Inlichtingen\u2019 een dienst opgericht die de grenzen in het oog moet houden (Service de surveillance et de renseignements aux fronti\u00e8res) en die is samengesteld uit 300 posten die worden bemand met lokale rijkswachters, douaniers en boswachters.<\/td>In the beginning of 1911, the 2nd\u00a0Office \u201cIntelligence\u201d established a\u00a0service in charge of monitoring the\u00a0borders (Service de surveillance et de renseignements aux fronti\u00e8res), where\u00a0300 local gendarmes, custom \u00a0officers and forest rangers were employed.<\/td>D\u00e9but 1911, le 2e Bureau \u00ab Renseignement \u00bb active\u00a0le service charg\u00e9 de surveiller les fronti\u00e8res\u00a0(Service de surveillance et de renseignements aux fronti\u00e8res) et qui se compose de 300 postes\u00a0pourvus par des gendarmes, des douaniers et\u00a0des gardes forestiers locaux.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

\"gendarmerie\"<\/a><\/p>

De Belgische rijkswachters op de foto hebben vermoedelijk bijgedragen tot de vorming van\u00a0<\/em>\u00able Service de surveillance et de renseignements aux fronti\u00e8res<\/em>
The Belgian gendarmes on the picture have probably contributed to establish the\u00a0<\/em>monitoring and intelligence service at the borders (Museum of the Police Force)<\/em>
Les gendarmes belges sur la photo ont sans doute contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 former le Service de surveillance\u00a0<\/em>et de renseignement aux fronti\u00e8res (Mus\u00e9e de la Police int\u00e9gr\u00e9e)<\/em><\/p>
Op 12 mei 1911 wordt de benaming van het 2de Bureau\u00a0\u2018Inlichtingen\u2019 gewijzigd in 2de Sectie \u2018Inlichtingen\u2019 en in maart\u00a01912 fusioneert deze 2de Sectie met het voormalige 6de\u00a0Bureau \u2018Inlichtingen over buitenlandse legers\u2019 van de 1ste\u00a0Directie \u2018Operaties-Instructies\u2019, wanneer deze laatste wordt\u00a0aangehecht aan de Generale Staf van het Leger.<\/span><\/td>On 12th May 1911, the 2nd Office\u00a0\u201cIntelligence\u201d became the 2nd Section\u00a0\u201cIntelligence\u201d, which merged in March\u00a01912 with the 6th Office \u201cIntelligence on foreign armies\u201d of the 1st\u00a0Direction \u201cOperations-Instructions\u201d, when the latter was attached\u00a0to the General Staff of the Army.<\/span><\/td>Le 12 mai 1911, l\u2019appellation 2e Bureau\u00a0\u00ab Renseignement \u00bb change au profit de la 2e\u00a0Section \u00ab Renseignement \u00bb. En mars 1912, ce\u00a0service fusionne avec l\u2019ancien 6e Bureau \u00ab Renseignement sur les\u00a0arm\u00e9es \u00e9trang\u00e8res \u00bb de la 1re Direction \u00ab Op\u00e9rations-Instructions \u00bb\u00a0lorsque cette derni\u00e8re est rattach\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat-major g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019arm\u00e9e.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
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Previous page Back to exhibition’s homepage Next page \u00a0ANTECEDENTEN VAN DE MILITAIRE INLICHTING – 19de EEUW \u00a0HISTORY OF MILITARY INTELLIGENCE … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"parent":37093,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37133","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37133","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37133"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37133\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63143,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37133\/revisions\/63143"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37133"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}