{"id":37463,"date":"2016-05-10T13:32:28","date_gmt":"2016-05-10T11:32:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/index.php\/wwii\/"},"modified":"2022-05-19T16:32:35","modified_gmt":"2022-05-19T14:32:35","slug":"wwii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.uclouvain.be\/digithemis\/?page_id=37463","title":{"rendered":"World War II"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\"Drapeau\u00a0<\/strong>SECOND WORLD WAR<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\"Drapeau\u00a0<\/strong>SECOND WORLD WAR<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n\n

\"drapeau\u00a0<\/strong>WWII<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00c0 la veille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat, ainsi que quelques services de la Deuxi\u00e8me Direction de la S\u00fbret\u00e9 publique, passent sous la direction du minist\u00e8re de la D\u00e9fense nationale (Are you 8 march 1940). Furthermore, les comp\u00e9tences de la S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat sont \u00e9tendues (Law and AR of 9 march 1940).<\/td>\nOn the eve of the Second World War, the S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat, along with some other services of the Second Direction of the S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique, was transferred to the Ministry of National Defence (Royal Order of 8th March 1940). Besides, the responsibilities of the S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat were extended (Law and Royal Order of 9th March 1940).<\/td>\nIn the run-up to World War II, the State Security, together with some services of the Second Directorate of Public Security, transferred to the Ministry of National Defense (There is KB 8 March 1940). The powers of State Security will also be expanded (Law and KB of 9 March 1940).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Apr\u00e8s la Campagne des 18 days, le gouvernement belge en exil \u00e0 Londres souhaite r\u00e9tablir au plus vite les relations avec la patrie occup\u00e9e. \u00c0 cet effet, il d\u00e9cide le 19 november 1940 de mettre la S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat sous la tutelle du minist\u00e8re de la Justice et de lui confier la t\u00e2che de mener toutes les actions clandestines n\u00e9cessaires en territoire occup\u00e9 et de mettre sur pied un r\u00e9seau de renseignement.<\/td>\nAfter the Belgian Campaign, the Belgian government in exile in London wanted to restore the relations with the occupied fatherland as soon as possible. To do so, it decided on 19th November 1940 to place the S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat under the command of the Ministry of Justice. The S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat was also entrusted with the task of conducting all necessary underground operations in occupied territory and of establishing an intelligence network.<\/td>\nAfter the 18-day Campaign, the Belgian Government wishes, who lives in exile in London, to restore connections with the occupied homeland as quickly as possible. To this end, she decides to turn on State Security 19 november 1940 transfer to the Ministry of Justice and entrust it with the task of carrying out all necessary clandestine actions in occupied territory and organizing an intelligence network there.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Parall\u00e8lement, au sein du minist\u00e8re de la D\u00e9fense nationale, the 2nd Division (compos\u00e9e alors d\u2019un secr\u00e9tariat, d\u2019un service de renseignement et d\u2019un service d\u2019action) est recr\u00e9\u00e9e afin de se concentrer sur les actions militaires en territoire occup\u00e9.<\/td>\nAt the same time, the Ministry of National Defence resurrected the 2nd Section (then only composed of a secretariat, an intelligence department and an action department), which was responsible for military actions in occupied territory.<\/td>\nAt the same time, a 2nd Section is being re-established within the Ministry of National Defence, which consists of a secretariat, a service information and a service action, and responsible for military actions in occupied territory.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"drapeau\u00a0State security, Laboratory photo, March 1944<\/em><\/td>\n\"labophoto\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"Drapeau\u00a0S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019Etat,\u00a0Photography laboratory March 1944<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"Drapeau La S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019Etat,\u00a0<\/em><\/span>photo lab,\u00a0mars 1944<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
The 10 janvier 1941, les comp\u00e9tences de la S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat sont encore \u00e9tendues. Le service se voit en effet confier la S\u00fbret\u00e9 publique et la police judiciaire.<\/td>\nOn 10th January 1941, the powers of the S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat were further extended, as the service was now responsible for public safety and judiciary police.<\/td>\nOp 10 January 1941 gives greater powers to the State Security by entrusting it with both public security and the judicial police.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
However, des comp\u00e9tences mal d\u00e9finies et l\u2019envie de profilage des autorit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es portent pr\u00e9judice aux relations entre les deux organes et nuisent \u00e0 la collaboration avec les services de renseignement britanniques.<\/td>\nHowever, the lack of clarity on the attributed competences and turf wars between the concerned authorities damaged the relations between both services as well as the cooperation with the British intelligence services.<\/td>\nUncertainty about the powers and profiling of the authorities involved, however, cloud the relationship between the two bodies and, moreover, have a detrimental effect on cooperation with the British intelligence services.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
La situation perdure jusqu\u2019en 1942, lorsqu\u2019un accord est conclu entre les nouveaux ministres de la D\u00e9fense nationale et de la Justice en vue de d\u00e9limiter les comp\u00e9tences.<\/td>\nThe issue lingered until October 1942, when an agreement defining the competences of both services was signed between the new ministers of National Defence and Justice.<\/td>\nThis situation will continue into October 1942, when an agreement is concluded between the new Ministers of Defense and Justice for the demarcation of powers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Les comp\u00e9tences de la 2e Section englobent d\u00e9sormais l\u2019ex\u00e9cution des missions relatives au renseignement militaire et l\u2019exploitation de ces renseignements, la r\u00e9alisation d\u2019actes de sabotage militaire et la conduite d\u2019op\u00e9rations pr\u00e9parant un deuxi\u00e8me front.<\/td>\nThe 2nd Section was now responsible for executing missions related to military intelligence and intelligence exploitation, conducting acts of military sabotage, and carrying out operations for the preparation of a second front.<\/td>\nThe competence of the 2nd Section now includes the execution of missions related to military intelligence and its exploitation, committing military acts of sabotage and conducting operations in preparation for a second front.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"Invasionbenelux\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"drapeau\u00a0 Fragments of the German invasion plans (Benelux and France) from the crashed German plane in Maasmechelen. Jan. 1940.\u00a0<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"Drapeau\u00a0Fragments des plans d’invasion du Benelux et de la France r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9s dans un avion allemand \u00e9cras\u00e9 \u00e0 Maasmechelen. Jan. 1940.<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"Drapeau Fragments of the German invasion plans (Benelux and France) found in the crashed plane in Maasmechelen. Jan. 1940.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
Quant \u00e0 la S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat, elle est d\u00e9sormais en charge de la collecte des autres renseignements, du d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019activit\u00e9s politiques et \u00e9conomiques et de la r\u00e9alisation de sabotage industriel en territoire occup\u00e9.<\/td>\nThe S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat was now entrusted with the collection of any other intelligence, the development of political and economic activities and industrial sabotage in occupied territory.<\/td>\nState Security is now responsible for collecting all other intelligence, het ontplooien van politieke en economische activiteiten en het plegen van industri\u00eble sabotage in bezet gebied.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"drapeau\u00a0 Fernand Lepage, Chief of State Security in London and Major Page, head of the Belgian Section of SIS<\/em><\/td>\n\"LepagePage\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"Drapeau\u00a0F<\/em><\/span>ernand Lepage, head of the S\u00fbret\u00e9 in London and Major Page, head of the Belgian Section of SIS<\/em>F<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"Drapeau Fernand Lepage, administrator f.f.. de la S\u00fbret\u00e9 \u00e0 Londres et le major Page, head of the Belgium section of the SIS<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
The 10 november 1942 marks the restoration of relations with the British services.<\/td>\nOn 10th November 1942, the relations with the British intelligence services were restored.<\/td>\nOp 10 november 1942 ties with the British intelligence services are being re-established.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
During the following months, les comp\u00e9tences de la 2e Section seront davantage d\u00e9finies, and 16 november 1943, the 2nd Section becomes the 2nd Directorate.<\/td>\nDuring the following months, the competences of the 2nd Section were further specified, and on 16th November 1943, the 2nd Section became the 2nd Direction.<\/td>\nDuring the following months, the powers of the 2nd Section are further specified and op 16 november 1943 the 2nd Section is renamed 2nd Direction.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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