Eds:\u00a0De Wit Astrid, De Brabanter Philippe,\u00a0Cougnon Louise-Am\u00e9lie, Colleman Timothy, Dendale Patrick, Couss\u00e9 Evie<\/p>\n
No\u00e9mi Boubel<\/b> Steven Delarue<\/b> Anne-Sophie Ghyselen<\/b> Thomas Hoelbeek<\/b> Agn\u00e8s Prov\u00f4t<\/b> Lauren Van Alsenoy<\/b> Dani\u00ebl Van Olmen<\/b> Willy Vandeweghe<\/b> Deze bijdrage behandelt het voorzetselobject (VzO), meer bepaald de predicaten die met dit specifieke type object gecombineerd worden. Doel is een categorisering op basis van de bestaande lijsten, niet alleen om beter inzicht te krijgen in de relationele aard van het VzO, maar ook om enigszins dichter te komen bij de motor die achter de expansie zit van wat door Duinhoven (1989) een \u2018zinspatroon in wording\u2019 werd genoemd. Daarom wordt bovenop de synchrone beschrijving ook een stap in de diachronie gezet. <\/p>\n<\/div>
La t\u00e2che de d\u00e9tection automatique de la polarit\u00e9 ou de la valence affective d\u2019un texte devient actuellement importante dans le domaine du traitement automatique des langues. Nous nous int\u00e9ressons au contexte associ\u00e9 aux termes positifs ou n\u00e9gatifs et proposons une m\u00e9thodologie permettant d\u2019extraire automatiquement des structures syntaxiques ayant un impact sur la polarit\u00e9 d\u2019un terme tout en identifiant cet impact. Dans cet article, nous pr\u00e9sentons et discutons les r\u00e9sultats de cette m\u00e9thodologie appliqu\u00e9e au cas des adverbes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 un adjectif positif ou n\u00e9gatif.<\/p>\n<\/div>
In this paper, I discuss the polemic regarding the use of standard language and tussentaal (‘intermediate language’) in Flanders from an educational perspective: what language variety (or which varieties) can be used by teachers in primary and secondary schools in Flanders? The language policy of the government demands the use of the standard in all school situations, but the linguistic practice of both teachers and pupils shows a mixed use of standard language, tussentaal and dialect. In addition to that gap between language policy and linguistic practice, there are also internal contradictions to be found in the governmental language policy, where the final attainment levels of the Department of Education of the Flemish government seem more permissive than the demand for standard in the policy documents, as well as in the linguistic practice, where teachers seem to consider themselves as role models who always speak standard language when teaching \u2013 which is not the case in reality. In this paper I set out this intricate web of contradictions, to sketch the paradoxical double gap between policy and practice.<\/p>\n<\/div>
In this paper, it is shown that the language repertoire in Flanders is in need of thorough macro-research. In the last decades, many researchers have focused on the form and function of parts of the diaglossic language repertoire, such as the Flemish dialects, the standard language and what is called tussentaal (\u2018in-between-language\u2019). While these studies have yielded interesting sociolinguistic insights in aspects of the linguistic repertoire, they often tend to neglect the macro level, hence leaving several questions about the language repertoire in Flanders and by extension about repertoires in general unanswered. The present paper tracks some key lacunae in the current literature on the structure of the Flemish diaglossic situation, continuing with a status quaestionis about its dynamics. This double overview will ground a plea for more empirical research into language repertoires as macro-entities. To conclude, a concrete example will be given of how such empirical research might be conducted, taken from a project at Ghent University on the Flemish language repertoire.<\/p>\n<\/div>
Dans cette contribution, je propose un cadre interpr\u00e9tatif illustr\u00e9 de l\u2019usage qui \u00e9tait fait, au XVIe si\u00e8cle, de la locution fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 travers (de). Je m\u2019inspire, entre autres, des travaux de Stosic qui a d\u00e9crit de fa\u00e7on approfondie l\u2019emploi spatial d\u2019\u00e0 travers en fran\u00e7ais moderne en le contrastant avec celui de par. La notion de \u00ab guidage \u00bb qu\u2019il introduit, et qui serait centrale dans les emplois spatiaux d\u2019\u00e0 travers, a l\u2019avantage d\u2019\u00eatre moins ambigu\u00eb que la notion d\u2019\u00ab obstacle \u00bb. Tout en me situant dans une perspective \u00e0 la fois diachronique et cognitive, j\u2019adopte une approche fonctionnelle dans la tradition des travaux de Vandeloise (1986) et autres. Cette analyse s\u2019inscrit dans un projet de recherche plus ample, qui a pour objectif de d\u00e9voiler les changements qui ont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9volution de toutes les pr\u00e9positions analytiques contenant le mot fran\u00e7ais travers.<\/p>\n<\/div>
Peut-on d\u00e9finir un invariant s\u00e9mantique du connecteur si ? Face \u00e0 la logique et la linguistique qui ont tent\u00e9 de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cette question selon diverses approches, nous proposons une analyse bas\u00e9e sur le concept de r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel temporel, d\u00e9j\u00e0 utilis\u00e9 pour la formalisation du temps, de l\u2019aspect et de la dimension \u00e9nonciative du langage. Nous commen\u00e7ons par pr\u00e9senter une carte s\u00e9mantique des valeurs du connecteur si, inspir\u00e9e d\u2019Aptekman (2006), Stage (1991) et Corminboeuf (2009), et nous la d\u00e9taillons \u00e0 l\u2019appui de quelques exemples illustratifs. Des repr\u00e9sentations en diagramme de ces \u00e9nonc\u00e9s montrent comment le connecteur si construit un r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel distinct du R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel \u00c9nonciatif et comment les deux situations p et q s\u2019inscrivent dans ce nouveau r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel pour s\u2019actualiser ou non dans le R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel \u00c9nonciatif. Les diff\u00e9rentes valeurs de si construisent diff\u00e9rents types de r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels mais ceux-ci peuvent se subsumer sous la notion du \u00ab possible \u00bb, qui se sp\u00e9cifie en \u00e9pist\u00e9mique ou al\u00e9thique et s\u2019applique aux faits, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9nonciation ou \u00e0 la relation entre deux situations. On peut donc ainsi d\u00e9gager un invariant abstrait du connecteur si, en tant que constructeur d\u2019un \u00ab R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel des Possibles \u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/div>
This paper discusses negative indefinites in African languages on the basis of a representative sample. I will explain why the term negative indefinites can be decieving, since many languages do not use true negative indefinites, like nobody in English. This particularly holds for African languages where the most frequent pattern is sentential negation combined with a bare generic noun. This runs against the recurring claim that negative concord, the pattern whereby a true negative indefinite always cooccurs with sentential negation, is very widespread. Another claim regarding negative concord is that a language has to have negative concord in order to develop double negation as in French ne\u2026pas. It will be suggested that this may only be true under certain conditions which are not satisfied in the languages from the sample. <\/p>\n<\/div>
This article is a corpus-based study of the further developments of the imperative of saying. It first examines say in contemporary English. Its uses are then compared to those of its Dutch equivalent. The similarities, which include the functions of attention-getter and approximator, and the differences, which include the more subjective character of clause-initial say and the use of zeg maar as a hedge, provide a new, dynamic synchronic perspective on the ways in which the imperative of saying evolves. <\/p>\n<\/div>
Prepositional objects in Dutch tend to combine with specific semantic predicate classes. Prominent among these are psychological verbs requiring an Experiencer role for the subject, and relegating the more causative or agent-like role to the prepositional object. A second class groups the verbs of communication, which are more agentive as a rule, and a third more heterogeneous class comprises verbs that express relationality in one way or another. The paper ends with an overview of the factors pertinent to the diachrony of this emerging class of prepositional objects.<\/p>\n