Food chemistry

Teacher(s)

Collin Sonia;

Language

French

Prerequisites

Analysis of organic compounds - I : separation techniques

Main themes

A- Major food constituents: physico-chemical properties, reactivity, functional properties, modifications during processing. Mainly 4 families of constituents are investigated : carbohydrates and Maillard reactions, lipids and chemical/enzymatic oxidation pathways (antioxidants, especially polyphenols), proteins, and water. The experimental courses associated to this part are organized around the production of a wine and the analyses of its raw materials.
B- Minor food constituents: chemical structures, reactivity and functional properties of the aromas, sweeteners, imitators of fats, colouring agents, and contaminants (dioxins, PCB, mycotoxins, nitrosamines, acrylamide..).

Learning outcomes

At the end of this learning unit, the student is able to :
1	The course contributes to the following learning outcomes : 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 + 2.2, 2.5 + 3.1, 3.4, 3.7, 3.8 + 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5 + 7.1, 7.4, 7.5 + 8.1, 8.2, 8.4, 8.5 of the BIRC21 Master At the end of this course, the student will be able to - compare the chemical compositions of various foods, - assess the impact of technological processes on this composition, - develop new products presenting defined functional properties, - reproduce a protocol of analysis and to discuss the obtained results.

Content

- Chemistry of sugars and Maillard reactions
- Compounds issued from lipid oxidation
- Chemistry of polyphenols and actions against lipid oxidation
- Other major constituents: proteins and water
- Chemical structures and synthesis pathways of the main aromas
- Other minor constituents: colorants, sweeteners, contaminants ..

Teaching methods

Magistral lectures for the theoretical part of the course. The chocolate is used as the typical example in all chapters. The student is also brought to produce a wine, and to implement a series of protocols aiming at the analysis of grapes and wine. According to the number of students, certain aspects can be approached through the analysis of published papers.

Evaluation methods

Written examination for the theoretical aspects. The experimental know-how and the attitude are assessed throughout practical classes, as well as by a relatively concise report.

Other information

This course is given in French.

Online resources

Moodle

Bibliography

Traité de brasserie (Volume 1, chapitres 1, 3, 8 et 12). Collin. 2022. Ed DUNOD. ISBN : 978-2-10-083186-9
Polyphénols et procédés. Collin et Crouzet. 2011. Ed Tec et Doc. Lavoisier. ISBN : 978-2-7430-1338-7

Faculty or entity

AGRO