5 credits
30.0 h + 30.0 h
Q2
Teacher(s)
Winckelmans Grégoire;
Language
English
Main themes
- Reminder of the conservation equations in fluid mechanics; Reminder of the differents types of PDEs and of their classification.
- Finite differences et numerical schemes for ODEs and discretized PDEs : consistency, stability, convergence, explicit and implicit schemes.
- Case of 2-D and of 3-D flows, steady and unsteady.
- Incompressible flows : formulation in velocity-pressure and formulation in vorticity-velocity (streamfunction) .
- Compressible flows, including capture of discontinuities.
- Structured grids, also with mapping from physical to computational space. Introduction to finite volumes approaches, and to unstructured grids.
- Lagrangian vortex element method (VEM) eventually combined with the boundary element method (BEM)
Aims
At the end of this learning unit, the student is able to : | |
| 1 | In consideration of the reference table AA of the program "Masters degree in Mechanical Engineering", this course contributes to the development, to the acquisition and to the evaluation of the following experiences of learning:
Enlarge the knowledge and skills of the students in numerical methods and initiate them to the numerical simulation in fluid mechanics (Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD), the path followed focusing on the understanding of the physical problems and on their mathematical and numerical modelisation in an adequate formalism. Develop the aptitude of the student to realize numerical programs (codes) that "put to work" some of the numerical schemes presented in the course, in order to produce a complete numerical simulation of a physical problem. |
The contribution of this Teaching Unit to the development and command of the skills and learning outcomes of the programme(s) can be accessed at the end of this sheet, in the section entitled “Programmes/courses offering this Teaching Unit”.
Content
- Reminder of the conservation equations in fluid mechanics.
- Reminder of the different types of partial differential equations (PDEs) and of their classification : hyperbolic, parabolic, elliptic; systems of equations; method of characteristics for hyperbolic cases.
- Finite differences and operators. Precision (order), dispersion (modified wavenumber), compact schemes.
- Reminder of numerical integration schemes for ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Numerical discretisation of PDEs in systems of ODEs. Consistance, stability, convergence. Explicit and implicit schemes.
- Model diffusion equation : explicit and implicit schemes, Alternate Direction Implicit (ADI) schemes for multidimensional problems.
- Model convection equation : explicit and implicit schemes, centered and upwind differences
- Model non-linear convection equation (Burgers), numerical capture of discontinuities.
- Model convection-diffusion equation, linear and non-linear (Burgers with diffusion).
- Hyperbolic systems in conservative form : Euler equations for inviscid compressible flows; discontinuities and their numerical capture; explicit schemes (Lax, Lax-Wendroff, Richtmeyer, Mac Cormak) ; implicit schemes (with linearisation of the convective term).
- Multidimensional problems et generalized ADI schemes.
- Finite differences on structured grids, also with mapping from physical to computational space.
- Introduction to finite volumes approaches, and to unstructured grids.
- Numerical methods for incompressible flows : formulation in velocity-pressure : discretisation using the staggered aproach (MAC), imposition of boundary conditions, method of artificial compressibility for steady flows, explicit and implicit (ADI) versions, methods for unsteady flows, energy conserving shemes; formulation in vorticity-velocity (through a streamfunction) : vorticity boundary condition, artificial evolution method for steady flows, methods for unsteady flows, including the lagrangian vortex element method (VEM, using vortex "particles": vortex "blobs") , eventually combined with the boundary element method (BEM, using vortex "panels"), for flows in open domain (e.g., external flow aerodynamics).
Teaching methods
Practical exercice (homework) and final project. Those can be done using the equipment of the faculty.
Evaluation methods
Exam written, documentation allowed : personal notes, course notes, books. Remark : the practical exercice and the project count for 40 % of the final course note, and the exam for the remaining 60 %, with the following condition : a minimal note of 30/60 must be obtained at the exam for the note of the practical exercice and project to be used in the final note; otherwise, only the exam note is reported as the final note (the note of the exercice and project still being "acquired", for use in an eventual secondary exam
Online resources
Bibliography
- Transparents, documentation et notes du titulaire.
- R.W. Hamming, « Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers », second ed., Dover, 1986.
- J.H. Ferziger, « Numerical Methods for Engineering Applications », Wiley, 1981.
- J. H. Ferziger and M. Peric, « Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics », Springer, 1996.
- R. Peyret and T.D. Taylor, « Computational Methods for Fluid Flow », Springer, 1986.
- C.A. J. Fletcher, « Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics 1, Fundamental and General Techniques », second ed., Springer 1991.
- C.A. J. Fletcher, « Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics 2, Specific Techniques for Different Flow Categories » second ed., Springer, 1991.
- K. Srinivas and C.A.J Fletcher, « Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics, A Solutions Manual », Springer, 1991.
- D.A. Anderson, J.C. Tannehill, R.H. Pletcher, « Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer », Hemisphere Publishing, 1984.
- D. Drikakis and W. Rider, « High-Resolution Methods for Incompressible and Low-Speed Flows », Springer, 2005.
- G. Winckelmans, « Vortex Methods » : Chapter 5 in « Encyclopedia of Computational Mechanics, Volume 3 Fluids », Editors E. Stein, R. de Borst, T. J.R. Hughes, Wiley, 2004.
Faculty or entity
MECA
