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- The processes of thinking (conception, judgment, reasoning etc.).
- The obstacles to knowledge (doubt, error, contradiction etc.) and means of overcoming them.
- The fundamental notions and concepts as well as the main trends in the theory of knowledge.
By the end of this course, students will have acquired the basic concepts from the main theories of knowledge in the philosophical tradition. They will be able to understand how discourse can claim to be truthful, from a logical and critical perspective. They will understand the multiplicity of answers to the question « What can I know » and its implications.
The contribution of this Teaching Unit to the development and command of the skills and learning outcomes of the programme(s) can be accessed at the end of this sheet, in the section entitled “Programmes/courses offering this Teaching Unit”.
The evaluation consists of two elements: a personal essay on a text chosen from a list (50% of the final grade) and a written exam (50%).
During the second session, the evaluation consists of the same elements.
This introductive course will be mostly based on traditional lessons. The main method will be the systematic comparison between approaches and positions. Because of the diversity of authors and approaches studied, the students will prepare lessons by carefully reading the suggested materials. Participation during discussions in class will also be essential.
This course is an introduction to epistemology. We will discuss, using different perspectives, the three fundamental questions of epistemology: What is knowledge? How can we know? What can we know? In other words, what is the nature of knowledge, what are its modes and limits. Epistemological theories are based on errors and cognitive wanderings. By examining errors we will introduce classical theories of knowledge: realism and idealism, empiricism and rationalism, foundationalism, coherentism, internalism and externalism, and the nature of truth. This insistence on errors will allow us to map cognitive faculties by focusing on perceptual illusions, categorical errors, the role of subjectivity in the justification of knowledge and finally on sophisms.
A bibliography and reading material will be available via the course's website.
Aids : course notes, documents on iCampus
