Logic [ LFILO1250 ]

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Intuitive concepts of logical law and valid reasoning (defining them with the help of concepts of statement, model and truth).

The theory of demonstration.

Equivalence of the two approaches where results are concerned.

Students will master fundamental concepts in logic: extension and "intension" of a concept, truth of a judgment, logical law and contradiction, correctness of a line of reasoning. They will gain practice in certain techniques to apply these concepts, such as those which confirm the validity of lines of reasoning

The assessment consists of a single examination on the philosophical issues that fall within the field of logic as well as on the technical tools developed to address these issues.

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This course deals with contemporary logic. Logic is the discipline whose primary focus is the correctness of reasoning. Two different approaches are usually distinguished within the logical investigation. The model-theoretic approach (which uses the basic concepts of model and truth) addresses the issue of valid reasoning. The proof-theoretic approach (which ultimately rests on the concepts of axiom and inference rule) addresses the issue of provable reasoning. This course aims to investigate the concepts specific to these approaches and to examine the concept of reasoning both from the viewpoint of validity and from the viewpoint of provability. Finally, the study of the soundness and completeness theorems will allow us to highlight the correspondence between these two approaches as well as the unity of logic.

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