ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERTERS [ LELEC1310 ]

> https://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=ELEC2310

- LELEC 1350 (Applied electromagnetism)

- LELEC 1370 (Measurements and electrical circuits) ou LELEC 1755 (Electricity complement)

- Single-phase and three-phase transformers

- General Theory of electromechanical converters

- Rotating field machines

- Asynchronous machines

- Synchronous machines

- DC Machines

Contribution of the course to the program objectives

Axis 1 (1.1, 1.2, 1.3), Axis 3 (3.3), Axis 5 (5.4)

Specific learning outcomes of the course

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

- Link the fundamental concepts (Faraday's law, energy and magnetic co-energy, ...) to the general equations of an electromechanical converter;

- Build the steady state model (equations and equivalent circuit) of a rotating field machine, an asynchronous machine (three or single-phase), a synchronous machine and a DC machine;

- Build the steady state model (equations and equivalent circuit) of the transformer (single or three phase);

- Experimentally determine the parameters of these models

- Use these models to predict operating conditions of these devices depending on the supply and the load.

In addition, the student will be able to:

- Determine and interpret the characteristic quantities of an electromechanical converter or transformer;

- Identify the main electromechanical converters structures;

- Establish the conditions guaranteeing the energy conversion in an electromechanical converter;

- Explain the principle of the universal motor;

- Explain the ways to increase the starting torque, to reduce the starting current or to vary the speed of an electromechanical converter;

- Explain how to connect and control an alternator on the grid.

Students will be evaluated:

- Collectively based on the reports of the 2 practical labs performed in groups of 4 to 5 students during the semester;

- Individually based on a written examination for the exercise part of the course and an oral examination for the theoretical part.

For the written part of the examination, no documents are allowed except a form of two A4 pages written by the student and containing only formulas, diagrams or graphs.

Teaching is organized in:

• 13 lectures;
• 7 supervised exercise sessions;
• 2 practical lab sessions;
• 3 virtual lab sessions.

The practical lab sessions are carried out in groups of 4 or 5 students and lead to the writing of a synthesis report.

Virtual lab sessions are carried out autonomously online (via iCampus), but consultancy session are nevertheless organized.

The iCampus platform also includes a series of multiple-choice questions allowing the students to evaluate and deepen their understanding of key concepts for the course. It also includes a series of illustrations for better appropriating these concepts.

- Introduction, reminder of the basics of electrical circuits (1h)

- The single-phase transformers (4h): structure, fundamental laws, models of the ideal transformer, of the perfect transformer and of the real transformer, on load operation, experimental parameter identification

- Three-phase transformers (1 hour): structure, connection modes, single-phase equivalent circuit

- The general theory of electromechanical converters (2 hours): classification, structure, basic assumptions, electrical and mechanical equations, magnetic energy and co-energy, electromagnetic torque

- Rotating field machines (4h): general design features, equations, supply, equivalent circuit, saturation, synchronous and asynchronous operating modes, main structures of rotating field machines

- The three-phase asynchronous machine (5h): specific design features, equations, equivalent circuit, phasor diagram (the circle diagram), torque-speed characteristic, operating point, saturation, iron losses, power and efficiency, practical problems (current-starting torque vs efficiency, speed control), specific applications (phase shifter and induction regulator, electrical axis - Selsyn, synchronoscope, Leblanc damper)

- The single-phase induction motor (1 hour): structure, principle and equations

- The synchronous machine (4h): specific design features, equations, equivalent circuits, phasor diagram, operating point (stability), active and reactive power control, connection and control of an alternator on the grid

- The DC machine (2h): specific design features, structure, equations, operating and excitation modes, starting, universal motor

- Introduction, reminder of the basics of electrical circuits (1h)

- The single-phase transformers (4h): structure, fundamental laws, models of the ideal transformer, of the perfect transformer and of the real transformer, on load operation, experimental parameter identification

- Three-phase transformers (1 hour): structure, connection modes, single-phase equivalent circuit

- The general theory of electromechanical converters (2 hours): classification, structure, basic assumptions, electrical and mechanical equations, magnetic energy and co-energy, electromagnetic torque

- Rotating field machines (4h): general design features, equations, supply, equivalent circuit, saturation, synchronous and asynchronous operating modes, main structures of rotating field machines

- The three-phase asynchronous machine (5h): specific design features, equations, equivalent circuit, phasor diagram (the circle diagram), torque-speed characteristic, operating point, saturation, iron losses, power and efficiency, practical problems (current-starting torque vs efficiency, speed control), specific applications (phase shifter and induction regulator, electrical axis - Selsyn, synchronoscope, Leblanc damper)

- The single-phase induction motor (1 hour): structure, principle and equations

- The synchronous machine (4h): specific design features, equations, equivalent circuits, phasor diagram, operating point (stability), active and reactive power control, connection and control of an alternator on the grid

- The DC machine (2h): specific design features, structure, equations, operating and excitation modes, starting, universal motor

- On line (via iCampus):

- Lecture slides;

- Exercises statements and solutions;

- Laboratory notices;

- Illustrations;

- Multiple-choice questionnaires.

- Reference Book:

D. Grenier, F. Labrique, H. Buyse, E. Matagne, Electromechanics. Energy converters andactuators, Dunod, Paris, 2nd ed., 306P.

A question/answer session is organized at the end of the semester.