Very rare. The first signs and symptoms usually appear during the first 10 years of life. 

Common signs:

-        iron deficiency anemia without any other apparent cause

-         lung symptoms: chronic cough, dyspneic episodes, hemoptoic sputum, hemoptysis 

-         infiltrates or a miliary image on chestXray.

The repetition of the alveolar bleeding can cause pulmonary fibrosis.

There are two forms:

• primary: when it is isolated: idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
• secondary: when it is associated with an extrapulmonary disease

-        vasculitis: Goodpasture syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa, Henoch-Schönlein,  IGA nephropathy 

-        connective tissue inflammation: Behcet syndrome, polymyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile rheumatoid syndrome 

-        heart disease

-        primary or secondary immunodeficiency

-        infection with ARDS

-        cryoglobulinemia

-        antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

-        coagulopathy

-        various:  Lane-Hamilton syndrome, Heiner syndrome, drug side effect, exposure to household mold or pesticides

Updated: October 2018