#include <math.h>
double log2(double x);
float log2f(float x);
long double log2l(long double x);
These functions shall compute the base 2 logarithm of their argument x, log_2(x).
An application wishing to check for error situations should set errno to zero and call feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before calling these functions. On return, if errno is non-zero or fetestexcept(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW) is non-zero, an error has occurred.
Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the base 2 logarithm of x.
If x is ±0, a pole error shall occur and log2(), log2f(), and log2l() shall return -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VALF, and -HUGE_VALL, respectively.
For finite values of x that are less than 0, or if x is -Inf, a domain error shall occur, and either a NaN (if supported), or an implementation-defined value shall be returned.
If x is NaN, a NaN shall be returned.
If x is 1, +0 shall be returned.
If x is +Inf, x shall be returned.
These functions shall fail if:
If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero, then errno shall be set to [EDOM]. If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the invalid floating-point exception shall be raised.
If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero, then errno shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the divide-by-zero floating-point exception shall be raised.
The following sections are informative.
On error, the expressions (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) and (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) are independent of each other, but at least one of them must be non-zero.
feclearexcept() , fetestexcept() , log() , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 4.18, Treatment of Error Conditions for Mathematical Functions, <math.h>